Carbureter.



CHRLES DE LUMCSEVICS, 3F YORK. N. Y., ASSGNQR, :BY MESNE ASSGNEENT, TO EDlvGtUil') LOFLER, OF NEN YRK, N. Y.

CABBUJRETEE.

lpecicaton or Letters atent.

Patented Nov.. 27, llui?.

Application tiled December e, 1916. Serial No. 134,950.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that l, CuAnLns on Lonecsnvies. e citizen o the United States, residing et New York, in the county ot New Yorlt i3 und yState of New York, have invented new und useful improvements in "Cerliureters, ol which the following is e specification.

This invention relates to improvements in carhuretersfor internal combustion engines;

l end its principal objects are to provide o* sunply constructed, conipectly organized caroureter with easily accessible parts wherein waste of gesolene is reduced to it minimum, the amount of fuel delivered in the mixing' chamber is merely projriortionute to the requirements of the. engine under varying conditions or" speed and loud, the relative proportions of the constituents ot the mixture 'are maintained throughout the Whole range "2Q of `engine speed, und the fuel is delivered into. 'the mixing chamber in such condition end in suchniunner as to insure its immedi- 'nte, uniform and thorough adniixture with the air.

With the shove objects in viefw the invention consists generallyin the provision of a. fuel nozzle which discharges through e nuncH loer of duets or passages of smell diameter whose discharge ends are in ditlerent planes 39 and whose inlet or chamber, preferably located shove the `normal fuel level und containing :in absorbent agent which is constantly saturated with the liquid fuel und 'in the provision of a. 55 mixing or cerloureting chamber in concentric reletion to the fuel nozzle through which the air necessary to complete the coinbustihle mixture 'is induced by the suction oit the engine, the arrangement heing such that the oir passes in rela-tion to the discharge openings of the nozzle end by suction takes up the fuel which is discharged et close und regular intervals und in inely divided state -liy the ducts whereby it becomes readily and uni'ormly vzporized in admixture with the air. ,The invention further consists in the.

operative combination und the relation be- 'tween the fuel nozzle having the features of y structure ust intentioned and e specially con 'structed vulve tor proportioning the constituents di? the mixture und regulating;- the 'quantum of mixture which is passed to the engine und for proriortionntely regulating the velocity'of the oir it posses in relu M fionto the fuel nozzle. The invention furends leed from e reservoir fin embodiment ot the invention is illustreted in the accompanying drowings,`

wherein Tigure l is' :i vertical central sectional vieu' of e. carbure-.ter in which the features of the invention are incorporated. Fig. 2 is :t horizontal sectional view on th lrregular line Z--Zy of Fig. l..

Fig. 3 isc horizontal sectional view on the line 3-3 ot Fig. l.

Fig. 4 is z horizontel sectional view on the line fat-Jl of Fig. l.

Fig. 5 shows in plan and 'side elevation the upper discharge .member of' the fuel nozzle. Y

Fig. t3 is side elevation of the lower discharge member of the 'tucl nozzle.

Similar characters of reference designate corresponding perte throughout the several views.

The casing et the carburetor provides o cha-inher l to 'which iuel is delivered from u fuel nozzle 2 and oir is delivered jfrom en oir supply pipe 3 which, it desired, may he provided i 'ith en uir heating medium (not shown) or nifty, for the purpose of heating the nir, extend in suitable relation to the engine e'xhaustsystern (not. shown). its shown. the pipe 3 opens directly into un nir inlet cli-.umher l having e. concentric 'ulvulur partition 5 through which the :tir lmssest murd the center ot' thc easing whence it osccnds to the chamber l und in relation to vulvulur devices.y to he hereafter described, 'for controh ling its volume und velocity.

is shown und preferred the nozzle Q is arrnnged in upright relation centrally and axially o't tho curburetcr casing'. seid nozzle boing' siuiiported by e pipe or tulle 6 which extends transversely through the easing und leeds from any suitable source ot' 'fuel supn ply, for exemple and as is preferred, a. fuel chuinlier 'T csi-tried hy the carburetor casing und equipped with conventional floot feed inecluinisin 8 for infiiiiuining :i constant' level und a strainer 9 tor plteventing the passage of solid 'particles into the pipe or tube G.

rihe volume of the iniiiture of the fuel lll@ delivered to the engine as also the velocity of the air whichpasses in relation to the nozzle 2 is regulated by a valve 10. As shown the carbureter casing is formed below the chamber 1 with a portion of uniform width or diameter which provides a guide 11 for the valve 10; and said valve, which is at all times in surrounding relation to the nozzle 2, has a'close sliding t within and against its guide 11 and is movable lengthj wise of said guide'by suitable mechanism, conveniently a rack bar 12 secured to or formed with the valve 10 and an operating pinion 13 engaging said rack bar and mounted on a shaft 111 journaled in the side walls of an extension 15 of the guide 11, said shaft carrying an operating crank 16 at one end.

For the regulation' of the velocity of the air, provision is made for a variable throatway 17 in concentric external relation to the discharge end of the nozzle 2 and for the provision of said throatway, said nozzle or the valve 10, or both of them, as is preerredT may be specially formed'. As shown the nozzle 2 has a regular iare from its lower to its upper or discharge end and the valve 10 has an inwardly rojecting, annular Venturi-type rib '18. y this arrangement, as the valve is raised, the etiicient area of the throatway 17 is diminished and as the valve is lowered suchv area is increased i with resultant increase or decrease of the The base 19*1 velocity of the air passing through the throatway.

For the regulation of the volume -ot the mixture delivered to the chamber 1 the,

valve 10 coperates with a stationary valve element 19 supported within the chamber l. As shown the element 19 is of cup-like form and opens directly to the motor suction tube, its cylindrical wall having openings 20 through which the combustible mixture passes inward from the chamber 1. of the cup-like valve element 19 provides a seat for coperation with the upper edge of the valve 10 and the communication of the chamber 1 with the internal space defined by said valve is through the variable throatway or space normally occurring between the upper edge of the valve 10 and the seat aior'ded by the base 19% Obviously as the valve is raised the space between it and the base 19a is diminished and as the valve is loweredsuch space is increased. With the decrease of the arca of communication between the internaly space defined by the valve 10 and the chamber 1 there is, 4of course, a decrease of the suction iniiucnce in such internal space but this does not interfere with the sipply of fuel neces- -sary for low speed running since the low inductive value of the suction influence is compensated by the 'increase in the velocity7 of thel air which moves in a stream line formation past the discharge end of the nozzle -iincly divided gasolenc at the period when its velocity is greatest or nearly so.

The valvular partition 5 enables a perma nent adjustment ot the possible maximum 7o air supply in accordance with. varying conditions such as the power capacity of the engine and the density of the air in a particular locality; and said partition includes a stationary element 5u having openings 5b and' a closely surrounding adjustable element 5c having openings 5d. By turning the element 5 about its axial center the openings 5d are brought more or less into registry with the openings 5b whereby the latter may either be partially uncovered to any desired degree or completely uncovered. For the purpose oi' such adjustment the element 5 has its base provided with an axial tubular extension 5 upon which is made fast, externally of the carbureter casing, by intermatching ccrrugations or otherwise, an adjusting lever 21 bearing with rictional braking pressure against a backing nut 22, said lever being pressed against said nut by a helical spring 23 surrounding the extension 5a. A

To insure the correct proportioning of the mixture under varying conditions of suction the regulating valve 10' has combined therewith, and as a functional part thereof, an air control valve 24 which is movable as a unit with the. valve-10 with which it is connected by supporting straps -25 and which operates below the nozzle sup- 100 ply tube 6 and in relation to a closely surrounding stationary annular apron 26. The valve 24 has a cup-shape with a substantially closed base 24a; and its cylindrical wall is provided with openings 27 affording 105 communication between thechamber 4 and that part of the carbureter casing which surrounds the nozzle 2, the eiective area of said openings being regulatedby the apron 26 which diminishes sucharea as the valve 110 24. is raised and increases it as the valve 24 is lowered.

The nozzle 2 has a central bore which is in open communication with the tube 6 Vand which terminates at its upper end in an 115 enlargement providing an oilwell 28.' The `at regular, and somewhat close intervals.

These ducts are arranged at suitable outward and upward inclinations and terminate in planes one above the other. the ducts 30 terminating in' the lower plane and the ducts 31 terminating in the higher plane. 125 The ducts 30 function for :i certain range. of low speeds when the inductive value ci' the air is, oi' course, reduced, to supply the amount of Jfuel necessary for low speed running, without however, furnishing 'any 130 nasceva excess and thereby causing the mixture to be unduly rich. Both sets of ducts, and Bl, function for a certain range of high speeds includingF the maximum speed, in Whaich the inductive value of the air is sufiiciently high. ln any event, the fuel is den .lli/'ered from the nozzle in accordance with the inductive value of the passing air stream and, as regards condition, in radial jets at close intervals 4and in finely divided state, incorporation with the air stream being, thoroughly effected in consequence of its uniform vaporization, upon or almost iininediately succeeding, its discharge from the nozzle. I'

ln the preferred embodiment of the invention the ducts 80 and 31 have their inlet ends above the normal fuel level. Accordingly the upper portion of the Well 28 provides a chamber for absorbent or capillary .material 2.9, which is partly submerged in the fuel in the Well and Whose upper por.y tion, projecting above the normal fuel level, is constantly saturated With the fuel.'

As' a matter of economy and conveniencel in manufacture, as also convenience in cleaning and renewing, the ducts 30 and 31 are formed as grooves in the vouter faces of4 the members 32 and. 33 which may bel aptly designated as fuel discharge members and preferably have an inverted `truste-conical `loriawhereby they may be nested, the meniber 33 within the member 32 and the latter within a conforming seat provided therefor at the upper end of the tubular post which constitutes the main part or body of the ln the construction of the carbureter the base of the float feed chamber 7 and the annular Wall .vith which the fuel supply 'tube 6 is t'orrned are cast integra-l and the y Wall is formed, above with a seat for the body part which provides the chamber' nd the valve guide ll and belovv with *he air chamber 4l and for the valvular par- .',ition 5 and apron 25; the attachment flange is cast with the stationary valve element l. and is formed with a seat for the upper edge of the ivall of the chamber l; `and the are held together by a stern located centrally and axially of Vthe carburetor casing and preferably threaded through a. boss 3G formed with the tube 6, said stem being refor the lower section which provides assembled in the relation describedl 37 and 38 the carbureter may be completely dismantled. 4

l claim as my invention:

l. ln a carbureter, in combination, a casing having an air inlet, and a fuel nozzle located centrally and axially of said casingl and discharging above said air inlet, said nozzle having sets of fuel discharge" ducts of' small diameter projecting radially and at close intervals from said well and terminatin in higher and lower planes, both located above the normal fuel level, said nozzle having separably related nesting discharge members Whose faces are radially grooved to provide said ducts.

2. ln a carbureter, in combination, a casing having an air inlet, a fuel nozzle located centrally and axially of said casing andV discharging` above said air inlet, said nozzle having sets of fuel discharge ducts of small diameter projecting radially and at close intervals from said well and tcrrriria-ting in higher and lower planes, both located above the normal fuel level, said nozzle also having separably related nesting; discharge members whose faces are radially grooved to provide said ducts and a fixed stem projecting through' said discharge members and carrying securing nuts therefor. l

3. ln a carburetor, in combination, a casing having an air inlet at its lower end, a jet delivery fuel nozzle arranged centrally of said casing and discharging above said air inlet, a tubular regulating valve surrounding said nozzle and having a close sliding lit within vsaid casing, a chamber located above said nozzle, the upper end. of said valve being in open communication with said chamber in any open position of said valve, and a stationary valve element havingan overhangi-ng portion located above said nozzle and Within said chamber, said valve being slidable axially of said casing and projecting into said chamber whereby its upper end may coperate `vvith the over-hanging 4portion of said valve element to vary or close the space through which the interior of said valve may communicate with said chamber, theJ latter communicating through said valve element with the motor suction tube.

4. In a carburetor, in combination, a casing having an air inlet, a jet delivery fuel nozzle arranged centrally of said 'casingand discharging above laid air inlet, a carburcting chamber arranged above said nozzle, a fixed stem disposed axially of the nozzle and of the casing, the latter being made in separable sections, and nuts fitted upon the opposite ends of said stein to clamp the sections of the casing;- in organized relation, the removal of the nuts at the upper end of the stem enabling the dismantling of the casinfr.

lOl]

5. In a carbureter, in lcombination, a casing having an air inlet,4 a jet delivery fuel nozzle arranged centrally of said casing and discharging above said air inlet, a'earbureting chamber above said nozzle, said nozzle having sets of fuel discharge ducts of small diameter' and having separably related nesting discharge members` whose faces ar radially grooved to provide said duets, a fixed stem disposed axially of the nozzle and of the casing, the latter being'made in separable sections, per end of said stem and serving to secure the sections of the casing inclamped relation, and means surrounding said stem below said nut and engaging said discharge members to hold them in operativenested relation.

(i. In a carbureter, in combination, an annular wall formed with a transverse fuel tube, a fuel nozzle secured to and uprlght from said tube, an attachment flange, a

body part clamped by and between said ana nut fitted upon the up-' whereby the air, drawn stationary valve element l end with said valve element, a stem secured said nozzle and7through said valve element 'and a nut mounted -upon the upper end of the stem and engaging said valve element whereby to maintain the )clamped relation of the body part between said annular wall and said attachment flange.

7. ln a carbureter, in combination, a fuel nozzle having anoil well adapted as a container for absorbent material which projects above the normal fuel level discharge ducts projecting radially and at close intervals lfrom said well and supplied by said absorbent material, said ducts terminati g in higher and lower planes and a, carbureter casing concentric tothe nozzle and having an air inlet below the nozzle through said casing by the engine suction, flows past the discharge ends of effect.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses. l

CHARLES DE LUKACSEVICS.

1 l/Vitnesses: i

H. T. Hmm), y RICHARD L. LANNING.

said ducts with inductive V to and said fuel tube and projecting through and sets of fuel' 

